Thinking about a career in trucking? Many aspiring drivers start with a CDL training program and then join a trucking company. However, there’s another path: hot shot trucking. This can be a great way to test the waters and see if the trucking lifestyle is for you. But what exactly is hot shot trucking, and how does it differ from driving a semi-truck? This guide will walk you through everything you need to know about hot shot trucking, including the pros, cons, and how to get started.
What is Hot Shot Trucking?
Hot shot trucking involves hauling freight using a heavy-duty pickup truck and a flatbed trailer. Hot shot truckers typically transport time-sensitive loads, such as agricultural equipment, construction equipment, machinery, LTL (less-than-a-truckload) items, and other critical goods that need quick delivery.
A hot shot truck hauling a large piece of equipment, illustrating the type of loads these drivers handle.
Hot shot trucks usually fall into commercial truck classes three, four, and five. These classes are defined by the vehicle’s Gross Vehicle Weight Rating (GVWR):
- Class 3: 10,001 – 14,000 lb. (Heavy-duty pickup trucks, box vans, walk-in trucks)
- Class 4: 14,001 – 16,000 lb. (Super-duty pickups, large passenger vans, city delivery trucks)
- Class 5: 16,001 – 19,500 lb. (Larger walk-ins, delivery trucks, bucket trucks)
The origin of hot shot trucking is often attributed to Texas, where drivers delivered crucial parts to oil drilling and pumping operations. These trucks are commonly three-quarter to one-and-a-half-ton cab-chassis rigs or pickup trucks with a weight-distributing gooseneck.
Hot Shot Trucking vs. Driving a Semi: Key Differences
The primary differences between hot shot trucking and driving a semi-truck lie in the equipment used and the educational requirements. Hot shot truckers use pickup trucks or similar vehicles with trailers, while semi-truck drivers operate commercial tractor-trailers.
Hot Shot Trailer Types
Semi-truck drivers typically haul large trailers like 53’ enclosed temperature-controlled trailers, step deck trailers, and bulk liquid trailers. Hot shot drivers use smaller trailers attached to their pickups, such as gooseneck, bumper pull, tilt deck, dovetail, or lowboy trailers.
- Gooseneck Trailers: Known for stability and a tighter turn radius, gooseneck trailers can carry heavier loads and require a special hitch.
A gooseneck trailer attached to a pickup truck, highlighting its capacity for heavier loads and stable towing.
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Tilt Deck Trailers: These trailers use a hydraulic system for easy loading and unloading.
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Bumper Pull Trailers: Shorter and less expensive, bumper pull trailers are suitable for loads under 10,000 lb.
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Dovetail Trailers: Designed for hauling cars or wheeled equipment, dovetail trailers have a low rear end.
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Lowboy Trailers: Lowboy trailers are ideal for heavy and tall loads due to their low center of gravity, helping to clear height restrictions.
Qualifications & Hot Shot Trucking Requirements
The qualifications for becoming a hot shot driver are generally less stringent. The necessary qualifications depend on the type of freight you intend to haul.
A standard Class D driver’s license is sufficient for hauling freight under 10,000 lb. However, a Commercial Driver’s License (CDL) is required for loads exceeding 10,000 lb.
While you can start hot shot trucking without a CDL, obtaining one opens up more job opportunities and prepares you for a potential transition to semi-truck driving.
How to Start Hot Shot Trucking: A Step-by-Step Guide
Whether you plan to work for a company or start your own hot shot trucking business, there are essential steps to follow.
1. Get a Driver’s License or CDL
Ensure you have a valid Class D license or a CDL, depending on the weight of the loads you plan to haul.
2. Obtain Your Medical Card
Like semi-truck drivers, hot shot drivers need a medical card from the Department of Transportation. Schedule an appointment with a DOT-certified medical examiner. Medical cards are typically valid for 24 months.
3. Commercial Driver’s Insurance
Commercial driver’s insurance can be a significant expense for hot shot businesses. Shop around for premiums that fit your budget, considering that rates are influenced by your driving record and experience.
4. Get Your MC Number or Operating Authority
To operate across state lines, you need an MC number from the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA). This requires applying for a USDOT number first.
Commercial insurance is necessary to obtain operating authority, and application fees apply. Expect to pay $300 or more for a USDOT number.
5. Register Your Business With the State
If you’re starting a hot shot business, register with your state to obtain a federal tax ID (EIN). This allows you to open a business bank account and hire employees.
6. Purchase Equipment
Invest in equipment suitable for the freight you plan to haul. This includes a pickup truck and a trailer. A down payment for a heavy-duty pickup can range from $5,000 to $25,000 or more, while a trailer might cost between $10,000 and $25,000, depending on the type and condition.
7. Find Loads & Start Driving
If you’re working with a company, they will assign you loads. Self-employed drivers can use load boards to find jobs. Both free and subscription-based hot shot trucking load boards are available online.
While free load boards can help you start, paid load boards often offer more lucrative and up-to-date job postings.
Advantages of Hot Shot Trucking
Hot shot trucking offers a valuable entry point for those seeking a career in transportation. Many semi-truck drivers gain initial experience through hot shotting. The demand for hot shot transport services remains strong.
The advantages of hot shot driving include:
- Lower Startup Costs: Hot shot trucking requires less expensive equipment compared to semi-trucks.
- Good Income Potential: Time-sensitive freight often commands higher rates, with hot shot trucking rates ranging from $1 to $2 per mile.
- More Home Time: Shorter distances typically mean more time at home.
- Experience Building: Hot shot trucking helps you gain driving experience and familiarity with federal regulations.
Disadvantages of Hot Shot Trucking
While hot shot trucking provides independence, it also comes with challenges.
- Frequent Maintenance: Running high mileage means more frequent maintenance and repairs.
- Operating Authority Costs: Obtaining and maintaining operating authority can be costly and time-consuming.
- Job Competition: Competition for loads can be intense.
- Load Finding Responsibility: You are typically responsible for finding your own loads.
A hot shot truck driving into the sunset, symbolizing the independence and challenges of the profession.
A Stepping Stone to a CDL Truck Driving Career
Hot shot trucking can be an excellent starting point for a career as a professional semi-truck driver. It allows you to experience the driving lifestyle and business aspects of trucking without the significant investment required for a semi-truck.
However, the support and advancement opportunities may be limited compared to working for a larger company.
Ready to take the next step? Consider enrolling in a Driver Training Program to earn your Class A CDL and explore opportunities in over-the-road trucking.
