Social Security disability benefits, managed by the Social Security Administration (SSA), are a consistently discussed topic. This guide provides a basic overview of the two main disability-related Social Security benefit programs: Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI) and Supplemental Security Income (SSI).
Understanding SSDI and SSI
While both SSDI and SSI use comparable criteria to define “disability” and aim to provide income support to individuals with disabilities, key differences exist, especially in eligibility requirements.
Social Security Disability Insurance (SSDI)
To qualify for SSDI, an individual must demonstrate not only that they are disabled but also that they have a sufficient work history and have contributed to the Social Security system for a specified duration, typically measured in work credits.
Supplemental Security Income (SSI)
Eligibility for SSI, however, doesn’t depend on past work contributions. Instead, it requires that a person be disabled, blind, or aged 65 or older, and possess “have low income and few resources [PDF]“. This program is designed to support those with limited means, regardless of their work history.
Benefit Calculation Differences
The two programs also diverge in how the monthly benefit amount is calculated. SSDI calculations are based on the individual’s earnings history. The more someone has earned over their working life, the higher their SSDI benefit is likely to be. SSI benefit, on the other hand, is “based on need [PDF]“. This means the amount received is determined by an individual’s current income and resources, ensuring a basic level of support for those with the greatest financial need.
For a more comprehensive understanding of the distinctions between SSDI and SSI, consult the SSA’s comparison chart [PDF].
Conclusion
SSDI and SSI are crucial programs providing vital support to individuals with disabilities. SSDI offers benefits based on work history, while SSI provides needs-based assistance. Understanding the eligibility requirements and benefit calculation methods for each program is essential for anyone navigating the Social Security disability system.
